Acids, Bases, Salts
Learning Time: 5-15 hours
Content: Acids, bases, and salts is a subject that examines the acidic, basic, or neutral properties of chemical substances. This area covers the definition of acid-base (Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry), the concepts of pH and pOH, neutralization reactions, salt formation, buffer systems, and titration analysis. TYT focuses on pH and neutralization, while AYT focuses on buffers and industrial applications. The current 2025 curriculum also covers environmental acidification and biochemical buffers. Learning this topic forms the basis for chemical equilibrium and biological systems.
- Definition of Acid and Base:
- Arrhenius Theory (H⁺, OH⁻ Ions)
- Bronsted-Lowry Theory (Proton Acceptor-Donor)
- Strong and Weak Acids/Bases
- pH and pOH Concepts:
- pH Measurement and Scale (0-14)
- pOH Calculation (pH + pOH = 14)
- Indicators (Phenolphthalein, Methyl Orange)
- Neutralization and Salts:
- Neutralization Reaction (Acid + Base → Salt + Water)
- Types of Salts (Acid, Basic, Neutral)
- Salts Solubility
- Buffer Systems:
- Buffer Solutions (Acid-Base Balance)
- Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation
- Biological Applications (Blood pH)
- Applications:
- Industrial Production (Fertilizer, Soap)
- Environmental Acidification (Acid Rain)
- Medical Buffer Solutions
- Affecting Factors:
- Concentration and Dilution
- Temperature Effect
- Solvent Type
- Modern Developments:
- Acid-Base Sensors
- Environmentally Friendly Salt Production
- Biochemical Buffer Design
Course Features
- Lectures 0
- Quizzes 0
- Duration 5 hours
- Skill level Intermediate
- Language English
- Students 15
- Assessments Yes
