CHEMISTRY (Advanced) – Electron Configuration

Electron Configuration

Learning Time: 4-12 hours

Content: Electron configuration is the study of the distribution of electrons across energy levels and orbitals in an atom. This area covers the Aufbau principle, the Pauli exclusion principle, Hund’s rule, the order of filling of energy levels (1s, 2s, 2p, etc.), exceptional configurations (Cr, Cu), and ionic configurations. The TYT exam focuses on fundamental configuration rules, while the AYT exam focuses on transition metals and ionization. The current 2025 curriculum also covers quantum chemical analysis and material design. Learning this topic is fundamental to understanding the chemical properties of the elements.

• Electron Configuration Rules:
  • Aufbau Principle (Low to High Energy)
  • Pauli Exclusion Principle
  • Hund’s Rule (Maximum Multiplicity)
• Energy Levels and Filling Order:
  • 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 3d, 4s, etc. Order
  • Substrate Capacities (s:2, p:6, d:10)
  • Exceptional Electron Configurations (Cr: [Ar] 3d⁵ 4s¹)
• Ion Electron Configurations:
  • Electron Loss and Gain
  • Ionization Energy Effect
  • Transition Metal Ions
• Applications:
  • Prediction of Element Properties
  • Catalyst Design
  • Materials Science (Semiconductors)
• Influencing Factors:
  • Nuclear Nuclear Charge
  • Electron-Electron Interactions
  • Chemical Environment of the Atom
• Modern Developments:
  • Quantum Chemistry Modeling
  • Nanomaterial Electronic Structure
  • New Elemental Configuration Analyses