PHYSICS (Basic) – Expansion

Expansion

Learning Time: 2-8 hours

Content: Expansion is a subject that examines the change in volume or length experienced by a substance with increasing temperature. This subject covers linear, surface and volumetric expansion, expansion coefficients, and thermal stress. TYT focuses on types of expansion and calculations, while AYT focuses on practical applications and error analysis. The current 2025 curriculum also covers expansion due to climate change (sea level) and its importance in engineering. Learning this subject forms the basis for the analysis of thermal effects.

• Basic Concepts of Expansion:
  • Definition of Expansion
  • Types of Thermal Expansion
  • Molecular Expansion
• Types of Expansion:
  • Linear Expansion (Length Increase)
  • Surface Expansion (Area Increase)
  • Volumetric Expansion (Volume Increase)
• Expansion Coefficients:
  • Linear Expansion Coefficient
  • Surface and Volumetric Coefficients
  • Material Differences (Metal, Glass)
• Applications:
  • Rail Expansion (Railways)
  • Expansion in Building Design Joints
  • Sea Level Rise
• Thermal Stress and Error Analysis:
  • Thermal Stress (Material Cracking)
  • Measurement Errors
  • Correction Techniques
• Affecting Factors:
  • Temperature Change
  • Material Properties
  • Environmental Conditions