Urinary (Excretory) System
Learning Time: 4-12 hours
Content: The urinary system eliminates waste products (urea, uric acid) and excess water from the body. This topic covers the structure of the kidneys (nephrons), urine formation (filtration, reabsorption, secretion), urinary tract (ureters, bladder), and water-electrolyte balance. TYT focuses on urine formation and basic structures, while AYT focuses on kidney diseases and the effects of hormones. The current 2025 curriculum also covers innovations such as dialysis techniques and kidney transplantation. Learning this topic is important for homeostasis and fluid balance.
- Structure of the Urinary System:
- Kidneys (Cortex and Medulla)
- Nephron (Glomerulus, Tubules)
- Urinary Tract (Ureter, Bladder, Urethra)
- Urine Formation:
- Filtration (Glomerular Filtration)
- Reabsorption (Water and Glucose Reabsorption)
- Secretion (Ions and Waste Substances)
- Water and Electrolyte Balance:
- Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Effect
- Aldosterone (Sodium-Potassium Balance)
- Osmo Regulation
- Urinary System Control:
- Neural Control (Bladder Filling)
- Hormonal Regulation (Renin-Angiotensin System)
- Urinary Retention and Evacuation
- Urinary System Diseases:
- Renal Failure (Acute and Chronic)
- Urinary Tract Infections (Cystitis)
- Kidney Stones (Nephrolithiasis)
- Modern Applications:
- Dialysis (Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis)
- Kidney Transplantation
- Urinary Analysis Technologies
Course Features
- Lectures 0
- Quizzes 0
- Duration 5 hours
- Skill level Expert
- Language English
- Students 15
- Assessments Yes
