Respiratory System
Learning Time: 4-12 hours
Content: The respiratory system is an organ that enables oxygen intake and carbon dioxide excretion. This topic covers the structure of the respiratory tract (nose, trachea, bronchi), the anatomy of the lungs (alveoli), respiratory mechanisms (diaphragm, intercostal muscles), and gas exchange processes. The basic structures and functions of respiration are emphasized in the TYT, while the AYT focuses on respiratory control and diseases. The updated 2025 curriculum also includes modern developments such as respiratory infections (the impact of COVID-19) and ventilators. Learning this topic lays the foundation for metabolism and gas exchange.
- Structure of the Respiratory System:
- Upper Respiratory Tract (Nose, Pharynx)
- Lower Respiratory Tract (Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles)
- Lungs (Alveoli and Capillary Network)
- Respiratory Mechanisms:
- External Respiration (Air Intake and Exhaustion)
- Role of the Diaphragm and Intercostal Muscles
- Internal Respiration (Cellular Gas Exchange)
- Gas Exchange and Transport:
- Oxygen Transport (Hemoglobin Binding)
- Carbon Dioxide Excretion (Bicarbonate Ions)
- Partial Pressure and Diffusion
- Control of Respiration:
- Respiratory Center (Brainstem)
- Chemical Control (Carbon Dioxide Level)
- Neural Regulation (Vagus Nerve)
- Respiratory System Diseases:
- Asthma (Bronchial Constriction)
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
- Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
- Modern Applications:
- Respiratory Equipment (Ventilators)
- Oxygen Therapy
- Vaccination and Respiratory Infections
Course Features
- Lectures 0
- Quizzes 0
- Duration 5 hours
- Skill level Expert
- Language English
- Students 15
- Assessments Yes
