Photosynthesis and Chemosynthesis
Learning Time: 4-12 hours
Content: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants and some organisms convert solar energy into chemical energy; chemosynthesis is an alternative energy production mechanism that uses chemical energy. This topic covers the stages of photosynthesis (light-dependent and light-independent reactions), chloroplast structure, the role of chemosynthesis in microorganisms, and the importance of these processes in the ecosystem. The basic stages of photosynthesis are emphasized in TYT, while chemosynthesis and energy cycles are emphasized in AYT. The current 2025 curriculum also covers topics such as the effects of climate change and biofuel production. Learning this topic forms the basis for energy flow and the carbon cycle.
- Basic Concepts of Photosynthesis:
- Definition and Importance of Photosynthesis
- Chlorophyll and Pigments
- Chloroplast Structure (Thylakoids, Stroma)
- Stages of Photosynthesis:
- Light-Dependent Reactions (Photolysis, ATP and NADPH Production)
- Light-Independent Reactions (Calvin Cycle)
- Carbon Fixation (RUBISCO Enzyme)
- Factors Affecting Photosynthesis:
- Light Intensity and Duration
- Carbon Dioxide Concentration
- Temperature and Water Availability
- Chemosynthesis:
- Definition of Chemosynthesis (Chemical Energy Use)
- Example Organisms (Sulfur Bacteria)
- Role in Deep-Sea Ecosystems
- Energy and Environment Relationship:
- Contribution to the Carbon Cycle
- Oxygen Production and Atmosphere
- Impacts of Climate Change
- Applications:
- Biofuel Production
- Increasing Photosynthetic Efficiency
- Environmental Monitoring
Course Features
- Lectures 0
- Quizzes 0
- Duration 5 hours
- Skill level Expert
- Language English
- Students 15
- Assessments Yes
