Circulatory and Immune System
Learning Time: 5-15 hours
Content: The circulatory system enables the blood to transport oxygen, nutrients, and waste products, while the immune system protects the body against pathogens. This topic covers the structure of the heart (atria, ventricle), blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries), components of blood (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets), and immune mechanisms (congenital, acquired). TYT focuses on blood circulation and basic immunity, while AYT focuses on immune cells and diseases. The current 2025 curriculum also covers innovations such as vaccination technologies and autoimmune diseases (lupus). Understanding this topic provides the foundation for health and the fight against disease.
- Structure of the Circulatory System:
- Heart (Four Chambers, Valves)
- Arteries (Transport of Oxygenated Blood)
- Veins (Return of Deoxygenated Blood)
- Capillaries (Substance Exchange)
- Blood and Its Components:
- Red Blood Cells (Hemoglobin and Oxygen Transport)
- White Blood Cells (Lymphocytes, Monocytes)
- Platelets (Blood Clotting)
- Plasma (Proteins and Ions)
- Blood Circulation:
- Systemic Circulation (Grand Circulation)
- Pulmonary Circulation (Lung Circulation)
- Blood Pressure and Its Regulation
- Immune System:
- Innate Immunity (Phagocytes, Natural Killer Cells)
- Acquired Immunity (Cellular and Humoral Immunity)
- Antibodies (Immunoglobulin Types)
- Lymphatic System (Lymph Nodes)
- Diseases and Defenses:
- Anemia (Types of Anemia)
- Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)
- Autoimmune Diseases (Rheumatoid Arthritis)
- Infections (Bacterial and Viral Defense)
- Modern Applications:
- Vaccination (mRNA and Live Attenuated Vaccines)
- Blood Transfusion (ABO and Rh Systems)
- Immunotherapy (Cancer Treatment)
Course Features
- Lectures 0
- Quizzes 0
- Duration 5 hours
- Skill level Expert
- Language English
- Students 15
- Assessments Yes
