BIOLOGY (Basic) – Biological Science

Biology

Learning Time: 3-10 hours

Content: This subject covers the fundamental concepts and scientific methods of biology. It aims to introduce the characteristics of living things, the differences between living and non-living things, and the sub-branches of biology (botany, zoology, ecology, etc.). It focuses on the organizational levels of living things (cell, tissue, organ, system). Fundamental skills such as scientific research processes, formulating hypotheses, and designing experiments are also taught in this context. The subject is generally tested in TYT with basic knowledge questions and problems that measure conceptual confusion. Students’ understanding of this section forms the basis for learning other biology topics. In the current curriculum, modern approaches such as environmental awareness and sustainability can be slightly touched upon.

• • Characteristics of Living Things:
    • Movement Ability (Pseudopod Movement of the Amoeba)
    • Nutrition and Metabolism (Photosynthesis and Respiration)
    • Reproduction and Inheritance (Mitosis and Meiosis Processes)
    • Adaptation (Adaptation of the Ostrich in the Desert)
    • Growth and Development (Embryonic Development Stages)
  • Differences Between Living and Non-Living Things:
    • Cellular Structure (Presence of a Cell Membrane)
    • Energy Use (ATP Production)
    • Environmental Responses (Phototropism (Example)
    • Level of Organization (Molecular vs. Organ Level)
  • Sub-Branches of Biology:
    • Botany (Study of Plant Cells)
    • Zoology (Classification of Mammals)
    • Ecology (Forest Ecosystem Analysis)
    • Microbiology (Bacterial Diversity)
  • Scientific Research Methods:
    • Observation and Data Collection (Use of a Microscope)
    • Making Hypotheses (Predictions on Plant Growth)
    • Designing Experiments (Control and Experimental Groups)
    • Result Evaluation (Statistical Analysis)
  • Levels of Organization:
    • Cell Level (Neuron Cell Structure)
    • Tissue Level (Types of Muscle Tissue)
    • Organ Level (Parts of the Heart)
    • System Level (Functioning of the Digestive System)
    • Organism Level (Human Body Integrity)